Here is a composite image made using current data from the SDO's AIA 304Å, 211Å, and 171Å channels. The data is acquired in black and white. The colors are created by making the data into a standard red, green, blue image, the type of image we typically view on computer monitors. It takes each of the three data channels and uses one for each of the colors.
The original data images were gathered just a half hour ago. The Solar Dynamics Observatory takes hundreds of images of the Sun every hour and instantly relays them back to Earth. Then NASA and the SDO team make them available for scientists to use for research in almost real time.
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