The following four running difference images were easily created using four different pieces of software. The source images were acquired at 14:00 and 15:00 on 2012-03-16 by the SDO's AIA 171Å filter. The process used to create these graphics is a very simple mathematical manipulation of the source images. At its simplest, a value of 50% gray (#808080) is added to the second image, the one later in sequence. Then the value of the first image is subtracted from the result. Notice how the results from all four programs are nearly identical. (Click on any image to view it full size.)
Some software cannot produce the desired results by adding 50% gray (#808080) to every pixel because anything that goes over #FFFFFF would be clipped at pure white. In those pieces of software the original images are first divided by 2, which makes the highest value of any pixel #808080, then the 50% gray is added to the second image, and the first image is subtracted from that. The levels of the output are then normalized to span the full black to white range. In concept they are adjusted up to 25% on the black end and down to 75% on the white end.
Some software works from the command line, some requires a script, and some are GUIs with everything accomplished by clicking a mouse. There are even various video editing software that can perform the necessary math. Also it's likely anyone with basic skills in computer programming, using most any common language, could get these results with little difficulty. A school kid could easily learn how to create a running difference image using open source free software in a half hour.
Michael Mozina originally founded his claim about the solid/rigid iron surface on the Sun almost entirely on his mistaken notion about running difference images. And although his claim, if true, would overturn virtually everything we know about solar science, in over a decade of telling his tale all over the Internet, he hasn't taken the time to learn how to create a running difference image. And he hasn't done a quantitative analysis of the ones he posts on his web site. It would bring one to wonder, with such a paradigm changing discovery, is Mozina too lazy to create more of these images showing the alleged surface? Or does he maybe realize it doesn't really support his otherwise unsupportable claim?
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